assert() example program in C++

By: Charles  

Many compilers offer an assert() macro. The assert() macro returns TRUE if its parameter evaluates TRUE and takes some kind of action if it evaluates FALSE. Many compilers will abort the program on an assert() that fails; others will throw an exception

One powerful feature of the assert() macro is that the preprocessor collapses it into no code at all if DEBUG is not defined. It is a great help during development, and when the final product ships there is no performance penalty nor increase in the size of the executable version of the program.

Rather than depending on the compiler-provided assert(), you are free to write your own assert() macro. Listing below provides a simple assert() macro and shows its use.

A simple assert() macro.

1:     //ASSERTS
2:     #define DEBUG
3:     #include <iostream.h>
4:
5:     #ifndef DEBUG
6:        #define ASSERT(x)
7:     #else
8:        #define ASSERT(x) \
9:                 if (! (x)) \
10:                { \
11:                   cout << "ERROR!! Assert " << #x << " failed\n"; \
12:                   cout << " on line " << __LINE__  << "\n"; \
13:                   cout << " in file " << __FILE__ << "\n";  \
14:                }
15:    #endif
16:
17:
18:    int main()
19:    {
20:       int x = 5;
21:       cout << "First assert: \n";
22:       ASSERT(x==5);
23:       cout << "\nSecond assert: \n";
24:       ASSERT(x != 5);
25:       cout << "\nDone.\n";
26:     return 0;
27: }

Output: First assert:

Second assert:
ERROR!! Assert x !=5 failed
 on line 24
 in file test1704.cpp
Done.

Analysis: On line 2, the term DEBUG is defined. Typically, this would be done from the command line (or the IDE) at compile time, so you can turn this on and off at will. On lines 8-14, the assert() macro is defined. Typically, this would be done in a header file, and that header (ASSERT.HPP) would be included in all your implementation files.

On line 5, the term DEBUG is tested. If it is not defined, assert() is defined to create no code at all. If DEBUG is defined, the functionality defined on lines 8-14 is applied.

The assert() itself is one long statement, split across seven source code lines, as far as the precompiler is concerned. On line 9, the value passed in as a parameter is tested; if it evaluates FALSE, the statements on lines 11-13 are invoked, printing an error message. If the value passed in evaluates TRUE, no action is taken.




Archived Comments

1. Simple and awsome explanation. Good!
View Tutorial          By: Arshad Hussain at 2011-09-21 09:56:58

2. Protip: you could add some inline assembly with the following code:

int 3


View Tutorial          By: Robin Degen at 2011-08-16 23:47:04

3. Thank You
View Tutorial          By: Alex at 2011-02-09 04:26:07

4. thank you
View Tutorial          By: cutiegurl at 2011-01-18 20:23:39

5. thank you
View Tutorial          By: cutiegurl at 2011-01-18 20:23:25

6. thanks a lot for providing good information on assert() function with example to make clear understa
View Tutorial          By: moseen at 2010-09-23 00:40:09

7. it should be:
/* --------------- */
#define ASSERT(x)
if (x) {} \
else {

View Tutorial          By: Ryba at 2010-05-19 15:45:48

8. Thank you
View Tutorial          By: dara at 2009-12-19 02:46:52

9. thanks a lot ..
View Tutorial          By: indra at 2009-03-25 15:40:03

10. Splendid! Haven\'t used asserts before, very helpful
View Tutorial          By: Anonymous at 2009-03-11 04:18:42

11. marvelous
View Tutorial          By: Anon at 2009-02-12 07:51:44

12. it's cool
but on other way it is indeed hard and exciting...

View Tutorial          By: johncarlo at 2009-02-05 04:44:13

13. Thanks a lot!!!.Quite helpful article.
keep this good thing going
I think the explanat

View Tutorial          By: Raj at 2008-03-14 03:59:56


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