C2007-09-20
Increment and Decrement Operators in C
C provides two unusual operators for incrementing and decrementing variables. The increment operator ++ adds 1 to its operand, while the decrement operator -- subtracts 1. We have
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C2007-09-20
Type Conversions in C (String to Integer, isdigit() etc)
When an operator has operands of different types, they are converted to a common type according to a small number of rules. In general, the only automatic conversions are those tha
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Relational and Logical Operators in C
The relational operators are > >= <
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Arithmetic Operators in C
The binary arithmetic operators are +, -, *, /, and the modulus operator %. Integer division truncates any fractional part. The expression
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Declarations in C
All variables must be declared before use, although certain declarations can be made implicitly by content. A declaration specifies a type, and contains a list of one or more varia
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Constants and escape sequences in C
An integer constant like 1234 is an int. A long constant is written with a terminal l (ell) or L, as in 123456789L; an integer constant too big to fit into an int will also be take
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C2007-09-20
Data Types and Sizes in C
There are only a few basic data types in C: char, int, float, double.
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External Variables and Scope in C
The variables in main, such as line, longest, etc., are private or local to main. Because they are declared within main, no other function can have direct access to them. The same
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Character Arrays in C
The most common type of array in C is the array of characters. To illustrate the use of character arrays and functions to manipulate them, let's write a program that reads a set of
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Arguments - Call by Value in C
One aspect of C functions may be unfamiliar to programmers who are used to some other languages, particulary Fortran. In C, all function arguments are passed ``by value.'' This mea
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Functions in C
In C, a function is equivalent to a subroutine or function in Fortran, or a procedure or function in Pascal. A function provides a convenient way to encapsulate some computation, w
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Arrays sample program in C
This is a sample program to count the number of occurrences of each digit, of white space characters (blank, tab, newline), and of all other characters. This is artificial, but it
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